Jeanne Moreau (French pronunciation: [ʒan mɔʁo]; 23 January 1928 – 31 July 2017) was a French actress, singer, screenwriter and director. She won the Cannes Film Festival Award for Best Actress for Seven Days... Seven Nights (1960), the BAFTA Award for Best Foreign Actress for Viva Maria! (1965), and the César Award for Best Actress for The Old Lady Who Walked in the Sea (1992). She was also the recipient of several lifetime awards, including a BAFTA Fellowship in 1996.
Moreau made her theatrical debut in 1947, and established herself as one of the leading actresses of the Comédie-Française. She began playing small roles in films in 1949, impressing in a Fernandel vehicle Meutres?(Three Sinners, 1950), and alongside Jean Gabin as a showgirl/gangster's moll in the filmTouchez Pas au Grisbi (1954). She achieved prominence as the star of Elevator to the Gallows (1958), directed by Louis Malle, andJules et Jim (1962), directed by François Truffaut. Most prolific during the 1960s, Moreau continued to appear in films into her eighties.
Early life and education[edit]
Moreau was born in Paris, the daughter of Katherine (née Buckley), a dancer who performed at the Folies Bergère (d.1990), and Anatole-Désiré Moreau, a restaurateur (d.1975).[2][3] Moreau's father was French; her mother was English, a native of Lancashirein England, and of part-Irish descent.[3][4][5] Moreau's father was Catholic and her mother, originally a Protestant, converted to Catholicism upon marriage.[3] When a young girl, "the family moved south to Vichy, spending vacations at the ancestral village of Mazirat, a town of 30 houses in a valley in the Allier. "It was wonderful there", Moreau said. "Every tombstone in the cemetery was for a Moreau". During the war, the family was split and Moreau lived with her mother in Paris. Moreau ultimately lost interest in school at age 16 and, after attending a performance of Jean Anouilh's Antigone, found her calling as an actor. She later studied at the Conservatoire de Paris. Her parents separated permanently while Moreau was at the conservatory and her mother, "after 24 difficult years in France, returned to England with Jeanne's[1] younger[citation needed] sister, Michelle."[1]
In 1947, Moreau made her theatrical debut at the Avignon Festival. She debuted at theComédie-Française in Ivan Turgenev's A Month in the Country[1] and, by her twenties, was already one of leading actresses in the theatre's troupe.[3] After 1949, she began appearing in films with small parts but continued primarily active in the theatre for several years—a year at the Théâtre National Populaire opposite among others Gérard Philipe and Robert Hirsch, then a breakout two years in dual roles in The Dazzling Hour by Anna Bonacci, then Jean Cocteau's La Machine Infernale and others before another two-year run, this time in Shaw's Pygmalion.[1] From the late 1950s, after appearing in several successful films, she began to work with the emerging generation of French film-makers. Elevator to the Gallows (1958) with first-time director Louis Malle was followed by Malle's The Lovers(Les Amants, 1959).[6]
Moreau with
Juliette Binocheat the Elysee Biarritz theatre in Paris, 22 October 2009
Largely thanks to these films, Moreau went on to work with many of the best known New Wave and avant-garde directors.[3] François Truffaut's New Wave film Jules et Jim(1962), her biggest success internationally, is centred on her magnetic starring role.[3] She also worked with a number of other notable directors such as Michelangelo Antonioni (La notte and Beyond the Clouds), Orson Welles(The Trial, Chimes at Midnight and The Immortal Story),Luis Buñuel (Diary of a Chambermaid), Elia Kazan (The Last Tycoon), Rainer Werner Fassbinder (Querelle), Wim Wenders (Until the End of the World), Carl Foreman (Champion and The Victors), andManoel de Oliveira (Gebo et l'Ombre).
In 1983, she was head of the jury at the 33rd Berlin International Film Festival.[7] In 2005, she was awarded with the Stanislavsky Award at the 27th Moscow International Film Festival.[8]
Moreau was also a vocalist. She released several albums and once performed with Frank Sinatra at Carnegie Hall.[3] In addition to acting, Moreau worked behind the camera, as a writer, director and producer.[3] Her blended accomplishments were the subject of a film profile, Calling the Shots (1988), by Janis Cole and Holly Dale.
Personal life[edit]
Jeanne Moreau and
Amos Gitai during filming of
Plus tard, 2008
Throughout her life, Moreau maintained friendships with prominent writers such as Jean Cocteau, Jean Genet,Henry Miller and Marguerite Duras (an interview with Moreau is included in Duras's book Outside: Selected Writings). She was formerly married to Jean-Louis Richard(1949–1964) and then to American film director William Friedkin (1977–1979). Director Tony Richardson left his wife, Vanessa Redgrave, for her in 1967 but they never married. She also had affairs with directors Louis Malle andFrançois Truffaut, fashion designer Pierre Cardin,[9] jazz trumpeter Miles Davis and Theodoros Roubanis, the Greek actor/playboy.[10]
Moreau was a close friend of Sharon Stone, who presented a 1998 American Academy of Motion Pictures life tribute to Moreau. Orson Welles called her "the greatest actress in the world",[11] and she remained one of France's most accomplished actresses.
Moreau died on 31 July 2017, at the age of 89.[12][13]
Director[edit]
Awards and nominations[edit]
Theater[edit]
References[edit]
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